MIM-104E (PAC-2/GEM-T)
The GEM+ is an upgrade program initiated in 2002 to further modernize the PAC-2 inventory. It is split into two sub-variants: the GEM-T (Tactical/TBM, optimized for ballistic missiles) and GEM-C (Cruise, optimized for cruise missiles).
This variant was created by upgrading older MIM-104D missiles. Because the "D" variant was already geared toward intercepting high-speed tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs), the GEM-T retains and improves upon those specific fuzing and seeker characteristics. It is optimized to detect, track, and destroy fast-moving, high-altitude ballistic missiles.
The GEM-T was given a new fuze which was further optimized against ballistic missiles and a new low noise oscillator which increases the seeker's sensitivity to low radar cross-section targets.
The GEM-T increased the Patriot’s effectiveness and lethality against tactical ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, aircraft, and remotely piloted vehicles.
In 2018, Raytheon upgraded the GEM-T guidance system with solid-state gallium nitride (GaN) transmitters.
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